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Tax Kum Karo: Analyzing the Relationship Between Income, Taxes and Mental Health in Pakistan
“If money is the bond binding me to human life, binding society to me, connecting me with nature and man, is not money the bond of all bonds? Can it not dissolve and bind all ties? Is it not, therefore, also the universal agent of separation?” Karl Marx Pakistan has entered its 5th unofficial year of economic turmoil. While the steep decline seems…
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Is Riley’s Anxiety Justified? – Analysis of the Movie “Inside Out 2”
Written by Najwa Bashir Recently an animated movie named “Inside Out 2” came out and it is all over the internet. From Instagram posts and reels to google YouTube and Google, people are talking about it everywhere. The kids laughed at the intense scenes of the movie But the adults are seen to be crying…
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What is the Cognitive Triad?
Aaron Beck was one of the first people to say that the way people think about things can cause symptoms of mental illness. In fact, the way people think about and process personal information can maintain this depressive state. In particular, Beck’s (1979) cognitive theory says that the cognitive triad is a key process that…
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History of Psychology in Pakistan
Written by Najwa Bashir The formal history of psychology in Pakistan dates back to the 1960’s. In Pakistan, psychology was recognized as a distinct academic discipline over 59 years ago (Zadeh, 2017). According to Michal J. Stevens, Wedding Danny, Dr. Nosheen Khan Rehman, and Taylor and Francis (2004), Pakistan had two universities in 1947. The…
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An Introduction to Sadism
Sadism is a psychological construct which has a relatively sparse amount of scientific literature. This is odd as sadism as a literary construct has been under study for centuries. According to Meloy (1997), sadism is basically getting pleasure from someone else’s physical or mental pain or from controlling and dominating them. Sadists are also known…
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Analysis: “95 percent of Women in Pakistan are ignorant”
Written by Abdullah Qureshi In the last days of June, 2024, an episode of Mukalma with Khalil-ur-Rehman Qamar aired on Samaa TV. This show caused ripples of conversation all over the Pakistani internet. Mukalma with Khalil-ur-Rehman is a show which features discussions on various topics. These conversations are usually between the titular writer, Khalil-ur-Rehman, and…
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Diagnostic Features of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Written by Najwa Bashir ADHD is a brain condition characterized by problems with not paying attention, getting things done, or being too active and impulsive. People with inattention and disorganization can’t stay on task, don’t seem to listen and lose things they need for jobs at levels that aren’t appropriate for their age or level of…
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Diagnostic Features of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Written by Najwa Bashir Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by problems communicating with others, limited hobbies, and doing the same things over and over again (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Autism spectrum disorder, or ASD, is a group of brain disorders. Patterns of behavior, hobbies, activities, and social problems that happen over…
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Diagnostic Features of Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder
Written by Najwa Bashir In the most current version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), a new condition called Social (Pragmatic) Communication condition (SPCD) was added. Individuals with this disorder have problems with their pragmatic communication skills (Amoretti et al., 2021). Individuals with this condition, which is a type of Communication…
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Diagnostic Features of Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder (Stuttering)
Written by Najwa Bashir Stuttering Sometimes called stammering and more generally disfluent speech, stuttering is a speech condition marked by repeating sounds, syllables, or words; sound delay; and speech breaks called blocks (NIDCD, 2017). The childhood-onset fluency disorder is a chronic change in the normal flow and timing of speech that is not proper for…
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How Trauma Affects the Brain: Key Aspects and Their Roles
Animals and people are more likely to have cognitive-behavioral, mental, and physical problems later on if they have traumatic events early in life. In people, stressful events are strong indicators of poor mental health. More and more studies have focused on changes in the structure and function of the brain that show how genetic changes…
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Diagnostic Features of Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Written by Najwa Bashir Narcissism Book III of Ovid’s Metamorphoses is where the word “narcissism” was first used. There is a story that Narcissus falls in love with his own image because of a curse. Narcissism, on the other hand, wasn’t used in psychology until the late 1800s (Mitra et al., 2024). Northcote (1929) says…